Degeneracies when T=0 Two Body Matrix Elements are Set Equal to Zero and Regge's 6j Symmetry Relations

The effects of setting all T=0 two body interaction matrix elements equal to a constant (or zero) in shell model calculations (designated as $=0$) are investigated. Despite the apparent severity of such a procedure, one gets fairly reasonable spectra. We find that using $=0$ in single j shell calculations degeneracies appear e.g. the $I={1/2} ^{-}$ and ${13/2}^{-}$ states in $^{43}$Sc are at the same excitation energies; likewise the I=$3_{2}^{+}$,$7_{2}^{+}$,9$^{+}_{1}$ and 10$^{+}_{1}$ states in $^{44}$Ti. The above degeneracies involve the vanishing of certain 6j and 9j symbols. The symmetry relations of Regge are used to explain why these vanishings are not accidental. Thus for these states the actual deviation from degeneracy are good indicators of the effects of the T=0 matrix elements. A further indicator of the effects of the T=0 interaction in an even - even nucleus is to compare the energies of states with odd angular momentum with those that are even

Reframing Kurtz’s Painting: Colonial Legacies and Minority Rights in Ethnically Divided Societies

Minority rights constitute some of the most normatively and economically important human rights. Although the political science and legal literatures have proffered a number of constitutional and institutional design solutions to address the protection of minority rights, these solutions are characterized by a noticeable neglect of, and lack of sensitivity to, historical processes. This Article addresses that gap in the literature by developing a causal argument that explains diverging practices of minority rights protections as functions of colonial governments’ variegated institutional practices with respect to particular ethnic groups. Specifically, this Article argues that in instances where colonial governments politicize and institutionalize ethnic hegemony in the pre-independence period, an institutional legacy is created that leads to lower levels of minority rights protections. Conversely, a uniform treatment and depoliticization of ethnicity prior to independence ultimately minimizes ethnic cleavages post-independence and consequently causes higher levels of minority rights protections. Through a highly structured comparative historical analysis of Botswana and Ghana, this Article builds on a new and exciting research agenda that focuses on the role of long-term historio-structural and institutional influences on human rights performance and makes important empirical contributions by eschewing traditional methodologies that focus on single case studies that are largely descriptive in their analyses. Ultimately, this Article highlights both the strength of a historical approach to understanding current variations in minority rights protections and the varied institutional responses within a specific colonial government

Automation of a problem list using natural language processing

BACKGROUND: The medical problem list is an important part of the electronic medical record in development in our institution. To serve the functions it is designed for, the problem list has to be as accurate and timely as possible. However, the current problem list is usually incomplete and inaccurate, and is often totally unused. To alleviate this issue, we are building an environment where the problem list can be easily and effectively maintained. METHODS: For this project, 80 medical problems were selected for their frequency of use in our future clinical field of evaluation (cardiovascular). We have developed an Automated Problem List system composed of two main components: a background and a foreground application. The background application uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) to harvest potential problem list entries from the list of 80 targeted problems detected in the multiple free-text electronic documents available in our electronic medical record. These proposed medical problems drive the foreground application designed for management of the problem list. Within this application, the extracted problems are proposed to the physicians for addition to the official problem list. RESULTS: The set of 80 targeted medical problems selected for this project covered about 5% of all possible diagnoses coded in ICD-9-CM in our study population (cardiovascular adult inpatients), but about 64% of all instances of these coded diagnoses. The system contains algorithms to detect first document sections, then sentences within these sections, and finally potential problems within the sentences. The initial evaluation of the section and sentence detection algorithms demonstrated a sensitivity and positive predictive value of 100% when detecting sections, and a sensitivity of 89% and a positive predictive value of 94% when detecting sentences. CONCLUSION: The global aim of our project is to automate the process of creating and maintaining a problem list for hospitalized patients and thereby help to guarantee the timeliness, accuracy and completeness of this information

Joe Shadow Nursery Company [price list] /

192

Pour une nouvelle légitimité du G-8

For a New Legitimacy of the G-8, by Shadow G-8 The sharp disruption of relations among leading G-8 countries, due to the Iraq war, dramatically emphasises the need for the G-8 to adopt a coordinated strategy for reviving global economie growth. Each of the major countries should thus commit to adopt specifie new policy measures to address its central economie problems. The G-8 should also address a number of other issues including the international water problem, development in Africa and other poverty-stricken parts of the world, global governance and the legitimacy of the G-8 itself. Perhaps the most urgent is to provide renewed political impetus to the Doha Round of international trade negotiations, which is faltering badly.The G-8 needs to take a decisive lead in this area once again, especially by agreeing to reduce their overall levels of support for agriculture and by further directing their remaining subsidies in this sector away from trade-distorting price supports toward income supports. Implementation of such a program would go far to enable the G-8 to start restoring effective, credible and legitimate leadership of the world economy.Le G-8 connaît une phase de déclin, et ce pour deux raisons : parce qu'il a cessé de s'attaquer aux difficultés économiques affectant ses propres membres, et parce qu'il prône pour les autres pays des principes qu'il ne s'applique pas à lui-même. Si le G-8 veut retrouver son rôle dans une économie mondialisée ou la coopération multilatérale est plus que jamais nécessaire, il lui faut revoir ses politiques macro- et microéconomiques internes ; prendre des initiatives sur le plan commercial en favorisant à la fois l'élimination de toutes les barrières tarifaires industrielles et agricoles, et la limitation de la prolifération des accords régionaux ; encourager en son sein les politiques minimisant les risques de dégradation de l'environnement ; améliorer l'efficacité de l'aide publique au développement ; enfin, travailler à redynamiser l'image de la mondialisation en adoptant des politiques internes de redistribution des richesses, et en élargissant le processus de consultation du Groupe pour y inclure la société civile et les pays en développement.Shadow G-8, Füri Céline, Sachwald. Pour une nouvelle légitimité du G-8. In: Politique étrangère, n°2 - 2003 - 68ᵉannée. pp. 245-258

Surplus June Bud price list /

192

Fruit tree specialists [catalog] /

192

Planter\u27s wholesale price list /

191